Human Resource Development
New Trends in Development and Human Resource Development in Developing
Countries
Kazumi Yamamoto
Professor, Aichi University
Content
I
The Preface
II
The Changes in Development Thinking and Trends in Aid to Developing Countries
III The Economic Achievements of Developing Countries and Changes in Recent Years
IV The Importance of Human Resource Development and New Needs in Changing
Circumstances
V
The Conclusion: a Desirable Role for Japan and our Expectations of the IDEAS
Program
I
The Preface
Since IDEAS (IDE Advanced School) was established in 1990, we have witnessed
drastic changes in the world which have been affecting the development of developing countries. Just after 1990, we saw the collapse of the Berlin Wall in 1989, followed by
the unification of West Germany and East Germany in 1990 and the dissolution of the former Soviet Union in 1991.
This was the end of the Cold War which had regulated
the world’s political economy for the long period following the Second World War.
The end of the Cold War allowed many changes in the years which followed it. biggest change was the progress of globalization.
The
Globalization has been going on since
the beginning of the human history. The movements of people to new frontiers and the expansion of trade into remote areas can be said to be part of the process of globalization. Over time the scope has expanded, the content has deepened, and the
speed has accelerated. The end of the Cold War led to the removal of constraints on the economic activities within both blocs, East and West, and to the greater integration of the world economy.
This was accelerated by technological innovation and an
information and communication revolution resulting from the peaceful utilization of military technology.1
We also saw great changes in the aid flows from developed to developing countries around this time.
First, East European countries shifted their
Countries
Kazumi Yamamoto
Professor, Aichi University
Content
I
The Preface
II
The Changes in Development Thinking and Trends in Aid to Developing Countries
III The Economic Achievements of Developing Countries and Changes in Recent Years
IV The Importance of Human Resource Development and New Needs in Changing
Circumstances
V
The Conclusion: a Desirable Role for Japan and our Expectations of the IDEAS
Program
I
The Preface
Since IDEAS (IDE Advanced School) was established in 1990, we have witnessed
drastic changes in the world which have been affecting the development of developing countries. Just after 1990, we saw the collapse of the Berlin Wall in 1989, followed by
the unification of West Germany and East Germany in 1990 and the dissolution of the former Soviet Union in 1991.
This was the end of the Cold War which had regulated
the world’s political economy for the long period following the Second World War.
The end of the Cold War allowed many changes in the years which followed it. biggest change was the progress of globalization.
The
Globalization has been going on since
the beginning of the human history. The movements of people to new frontiers and the expansion of trade into remote areas can be said to be part of the process of globalization. Over time the scope has expanded, the content has deepened, and the
speed has accelerated. The end of the Cold War led to the removal of constraints on the economic activities within both blocs, East and West, and to the greater integration of the world economy.
This was accelerated by technological innovation and an
information and communication revolution resulting from the peaceful utilization of military technology.1
We also saw great changes in the aid flows from developed to developing countries around this time.
First, East European countries shifted their
References: Dambisa Moyo, Dead Aid, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2009. Erik Thorbecke, ‘The Evolution of the Development Doctrine, 1950-2005’, in George Mavrotas and Anthony Shorrocks, eds, Advanced Development, Palgrave ,2007.） George A. Akerlof and Robert J. Shiller, Animal Spirits, Princeton University Press, 2009. Howard Bloom, The Genius of the Beast, Prometheus Books, 2010. Karl Polanyi, The Great Transformation, Beacon Press, 2001. Jean-Jacques Dethier, ‘World Bank Policy Research’, Policy Research Working Paper 5000, The World Bank, 2009. Jeffrey D. Sachs, The End of Poverty, The Penguin Press, 2005. Jeffrey D. Sachs, Common Wealth: Economics for a Crowded Planet, The Penguin Press, 2008. Joseph E. Stiglitz, Freefall, W.W. Norton & Company Ltd., 2010. Martin Ravallion, ‘Evaluation in the Practice of Development’, Policy Research Working Paper 4547, the World Bank, 2008. Michael P. Todaro and Stephen C. Smith, Economic Development Tenth Edition, Pearson Education Limited, 2009. Mavrotas and Anthony Shorrocks, eds, Advanced Development, Palgrave ,2007.） Shahid Yusuf, Development Economics, The World Bank, 2009. William Easterly, The Elusive Quest for Growth, The MIT Press, 2002. William Easterly, The White Man’s Burden, Penguin Books, 2006. William Easterly, ed., Reinvesting Foreign Aid, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. IDEAS will hold the 20th anniversary workshop on March 10, 2010 and I am going to give a keynote speech (40 minutes)