References: ¨ è ¨ Bourbaki N‚ 1969 Elements d ’histoire des mathematiques (Hermann‚ Paris) Bury R G (Ed. and trans.)‚ 1960 Plato: Timaeus‚ Critias‚ Cleitophon‚ Menexenus‚ Epistles (Loeb Classical Library‚ Cambridge‚ MA) Euclid‚ 1956 The Thirteen Books of Euclid ’s Elements translation and commentaries by T L Heath (Dover Publications‚ New York) Leibniz G W‚ 1923 Dissertatio de arte combinatoria‚ 1666‚ Samtliche Schriften und Briefe « (Akademie Verlag‚ Berlin) A VI 1‚ page 163; Philosophische
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was Pheidias‚ who happened to be an astronomer. He studied at Alexandria‚ Egypt. He was also close friends with the King of Syracuse. He died in 212 B.C. Archimedes performed numerous geometric proofs using the rigid geometric formalism outlined by Euclid‚ excelling especially at computing areas and volumes using the method of exhaustion. He was especially proud of his discovery for finding the volume of a sphere‚ showing that it is two thirds the volume of the smallest cylinder that can contain it
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Topic 1- Mathematics and Certainty Having said something about the nature of formal systems‚ we must now look in more detail at the nature of mathematical certainty. To do this‚ let us begin by making two distinctions. The first concerns the nature of propositions. An analytic proposition is one that is true by definition. A synthetic proposition is any proposition that is not analytic. So we can say that every proposition is either analytic or synthetic. The second distinction concerns how we
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Hypatia of Alexandria “You almost expect to hear: she was a fine philosopher‚ for a ‘woman’ when hearing about ancient female prodigies. After all‚ our predecessors’ opportunities‚ especially if they were ‘respectable’ women‚ were nearly non-existent. Hypatia‚ however‚ defies all such qualifiers.” Hypatia’s Accomplishments “Hypatia of Alexandria was‚ simply‚ the last great Alexandrian mathematician and philosopher. She was the first woman to make a substantial contribution to the development
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Chapter 10 : Quadratic Relations and Conic Sections History of Conic Sections History of Conic Sections Apollonius of Perga (about 262-200 B.C.) was the last of the great mathematicians of the golden age of Greek mathematics. Apollonius‚ known as "the great geometer‚" arrived at the properties of the conic sections purely by geometry. His descriptions were so complete that he would have had little to learn about conic sections from our modern analytical geometry except for the improved modern
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Hypatia Alexander is primarily known for her achievements in mathematics. She came up with the idea of hyperbolas‚ parabolas‚ and ellipses. Her ideas made these concepts easier to understand even throughout the centuries. It all started when she was born in 370 AD. There is some controversy on when her birthday is but it is believed to be in 370 AD. Her father‚ Theon‚ was considered the most educated man in Alexandria‚ Egypt. She grew up with a well educated background. Her father was also a famous
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Fermat’s last theorem Currently holding the world record for longest standing math problem ever‚ Fermat’s last theorem went unsolved for 365 years. Fermat’s last theorem was one of the largest white whales in the study of math. Over the centuries‚ thousands were puzzled by the impossible problem. From its conception to its solution‚ Fermat’s last theorem was one of the most difficult to solve yet easy to understand problems in mathematics. First‚ I will discuss the theorem and how it was introduced
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Democritus was a natural philosopher but also a mathematician. Democritus was a Greek‚ with many talents who traveled the east to acquire knowledge. Little is known about his life because records were not kept. all we know are some major discoveries that were recovered. Demoritus was born in Abdera‚ Thrace about 460B.C. and died about 370 B.C. He was schooled at Pythagorean but traveled to Athens to visit Anaxagoras‚ a great mathematician that wanted nothing with Democritus. His father was from
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Ontology deals with questions concerning what entities exist or can be said to exist. What do we know? What are we certain of? What can we prove? What is the nature of existence? Epistemology is the study of knowledge. How do we know what we know? How can we establish truth and certainty? Are their limits to what we can know based on how we come to know it? These epistemological questions when combined with ontological questions have philosophers pondering what exists and how we know it exists.
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Born in 281 BC‚ known as one of the most famous mathematician and scientist from ancient Greece. He was raised in Egypt. He spent most of his time studying mathematics‚ but he was also an inventor. As a young boy almost 10 years old‚ he went away to Alexandria Egypt‚ to study mathematics in depth. His father was an astronomer known as Phidias and made this decision to further his knowledge and gain a great education. He also wanted him to be away from the war. Archimedes is best known for his war
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