Concepts of Throughput Accounting In 1890s when cost accounting was introduced‚ labour was the greatest fraction of manufactured cost and considered as a variable cost. Very often workers did not know about the actual time of hours that they have to perform in a week when they reported for duty since the systems of time-keeping were undeveloped. Here comes the importance of throughput accounting which removes the dependence of standard cost accounting on efficiencies‚ particularly the
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2.1 Accounting standard-setters have an expectation that the readers of general purpose financial reports have a ‘reasonable knowledge’ of accounting. Specifically‚ the IASB Framework states that ‘users are expected to have a reasonable knowledge of business and economic activities and accounting and a willingness to study the information with reasonable diligence’. Hence‚ there is an expectation that financial statements are not tailored to meet the needs of people who have not‚ in some way‚ studied
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Case 1-3 Politicalization of Accounting Standards A. These groups are put in place to help regulate the economy and to help form accounting principles that should be followed to promote and ensure accuracy and efficiency in companies across America. There was much policitalization which led to the abolishment of the APB and the formation of FASB. This was due to reasons such as the investment of tax credit in 1961 which made the APB responsible for deciding how it was to be reported. Due to the
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Universal Accounting Standards Issue The internationalization of business activities has increased exponentially over the past 3 decades. Because the accounting standards and practices of different countries have developed in response to diverse environments‚ accounting has developed with strong national accents . As a result‚ multinationals with branches and investments in a wide array of countries find it difficult to achieve a consolidated financial report. Further‚ investors in these multinationals
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conservation Prudence concept: revenue and profits are included in the balance sheet only when they are realized(or there is reasonable ’certainty ’ of realizing them) butliabilities are included when there is a reasonable ’possibility ’ of incurring them. Also called conservation concept. Du Pont analysis A type of analysis that examines a company ’s Return on Equity (ROE) by breaking it into three main components:profit margin‚ asset turnover and leverage factor. By breaking the ROE into
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sentenced to 10 years. He had moved company cash into his personal bank account. Some of this was used to buy Polly Peck shares to keep the price up. In 2002 the accounting disciplinary body‚ the Joint Disciplinary Tribunal‚ fined Stoy Hayward £75‚000 for its role as group auditor to Polly Peck. Erdal & Co‚ the north Cypriot accounting firm was also fined for its audit of the north Cypriot subsidiaries of Polly Peck in 1988 and 1999. 2. Enron 2001 Massive fraud. AA helped to set up off balance
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198 Accounting Standard (AS) 14 (issued 1994) Accounting for Amalgamations Contents INTRODUCTION Definitions EXPLANATION Types of Amalgamations Methods of Accounting for Amalgamations The Pooling of Interests Method The Purchase Method Consideration Treatment of Reserves on Amalgamation Treatment of Goodwill Arising on Amalgamation Balance of Profit and Loss Account Treatment of Reserves Specified in A Scheme of Amalgamation Disclosure Amalgamation after the Balance Sheet Date ACCOUNTING STANDARD
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Through online accounting homework help‚ the students can get vital and recent information about the various topics covered in accounting as mentioned below which will enable them to gain good scores in examinations as well as in submitting their assignments. Accounting concepts: The various terms used for describing the basic ideas are: concepts‚ postulates‚ propositions‚ basic assumptions‚ underlying principles‚ fundamentals‚ conventions‚ doctrines‚ rules etc. Business entity concepts: In accounting we
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Accounting concepts and conventions [pic] Going concern This concept is the underlying assumption that any accountant makes when he prepares a set of accounts. That the business under consideration will remain in existence for the foreseeable future. In addition to being an old concept of accounting‚ it is now‚ for example‚ part of UK statute law: reference to it can be found in the Companies Act 1985. Without this concept‚ accounts would have to be drawn up on the ’winding up’ basis
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during an accounting period in monetary terms. These business activities vary from one enterprise to other. To compare the financial statements of various reporting enterprises poses some difficulties because of the divergence in the methods and principles adopted by these enterprises in preparing their financial statements. In order to make these methods and principles uniform and comparable to the extent possible – standards are evolved.What are Accounting Standards? Accounting Standards are the
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